Process stability and weld seam geometry during deposition welding with high-carbon wire material AISI52100
Proc. International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics (ICALEO)
2022
Type: Zeitschriftenaufsatz (non-reviewed)
Abstract
Steels with a high carbon content have little or no weldability, but are of interest for many cladding applications due to their high hardness. In this paper, laser hot-wire cladding with the high-carbon bearing steel 100Cr6 (AISI 52100) is investigated. For this purpose, single weld seams are welded onto the austenitic stainless steel substrate 316L with a coaxial welding head. The process parameters laser power (1.8 kW - 2.1 kW), wire feed rate (1 m/min - 2 m/min), welding speed (400 mm/min - 1200 mm/min) and current for wire preheating (45 A - 75 A) are varied. Design of Experiment methods are applied for the planning and evaluation of the experiments. A fractional factorial experimental design with three stages and 27 parameter sets is used. The actual wire feed rate signal and the current signal are used to determine a process window for a stable welding process. The weld seams are measured with a laser scanning microscope and analyzed in terms of width, height and shape. The influence of the process parameters on the weld seam geometry is investigated and suitable mathematical functions for describing the geometry are determined. Finally, parameter sets are determined with high process stability and suitable weld seam geometry for producing claddings from overlapping weld seams. Within the investigated process window, parameter sets with high process stability could be found.